Personal preferences Essay Example

Personal preferences Paper Be considered as an individual, to be listened to and have their wishes and feelings taken into account when decisions are made concerning their welfare A child care and education worker should focus on an individual childs personality as a relationship is built up, not ethnicity, religion or background. They should also promote a broad range of cultures, religions and beliefs by valuing and exploring differences with children in their care. Childrens sense of belonging to their culture is very important part of their lives and needs to be acknowledged and valued. Any personal preferences and prejudices must be put aside; all children should be treated with respect and dignity irrespective of their ethnic origin, religion or socio-economic group. Bruce and Meggitt (2002) Children pick up attitudes and morals from watching others and view the C. C. E. W. as a role model. A good C. C. E. W. would consider the cultural differences and practices before jumping to conclusions about a situation (e. g. beat in British terms would mean forceful hitting, but in Caribbean it means smack). Also, the role of the C. C. E. W. would be very important in dealing with any negative incidents promptly. Actions and words mentioned by the adults around the children could have lasting effects on the development of self-esteem, which shows that, Early Years Practitioners have a strong role in promoting equal opportunities within their settings they need to make sure every child feels valued and also that children learn to value and respect others Tassoni (2002) A child care and education student should be a good role model for children to see. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal preferences specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Personal preferences specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Personal preferences specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Personal beliefs, attitudes and prejudices should not discriminate against children or families. All skin colours should be portrayed in a positive way. The student should offer to expand childrens learning opportunities through knowledge and understanding of the world, food, music, language etc. Questions regarding suitability of activities for all children should be asked before carrying them out, encouraging cooperation and pleasantness through interactions with children. The student should look out for ways to value all children, trying not favour one child over another, promoting positive self images in children from all family backgrounds and encourage caring attitudes. Questions from children regarding race, culture or religion should be answered honestly using appropriate language. A culture, religion, language or lifestyle should not be promoted as superior to another; however a childs first language should be respected.

Johnny Cash’s Drug Addition And The Effects It Had On His Family Essays

Johnny Cash’s Drug Addition And The Effects It Had On His Family Essays Johnny Cash’s Drug Addition And The Effects It Had On His Family Paper Johnny Cash’s Drug Addition And The Effects It Had On His Family Paper In Johnny Cash’s book, Cash, he describes his addition to prescription pills. It was scary to read that his addition started at such a young age, with the morphine he was given to relieve pain. His trail of thoughts ended up in thinking that this is the best thing ever. My reaction to this is rather sad and confused. Not everyone who takes morphine for pain sinks into this trail of thought. I am left wondering if this was just something in his mind, something that made him think it was more pleasurable than other people. That frame of mind seems to be what lead to the addiction. Johnny Cash seem to be ok with what he was doing, not realizing the damages he had on his family. He’d neglect his daughters and then his wife. He was being so rude just doing whatever he wanted and not really listening to those that cared for him the most. I kept thinking, if you weren’t even going to listen to the people who care about you the most, whom would he ever listen to? It would be hard to try to tell someone not to do something to himself, and just see him doing it anyway. As the time went on, it seemed that Johnny Cash didn’t realize how self-destructive he was. He wouldn’t listen to those around him and assumed he could handle it, he basically showed some weak character traits based on how he would ignore or excuse his behavior. I was amazed he could so smugly just walk away from a fire just to go fishing, not even bothering trying to put it out or tell anyone so they could put it out. He just let it all burn away without caring, and pathetically didn’t care. His family suffered with a lack of Johnny Cash being around. They wanted his attention and he ignored those pleas. I felt worried through the story or them, like I expected him to eventually listen to them. They worried and tried hard to stick by him, even when he was pushing them away. It seemed like he didn’t care. The pills were more important. It didn’t seem like he was in control at all of his emotions or had any control over how many he took. It was this destructive attitude that hurt the most to his family and caused some lasting damages. As the story progressed, and he did more dangerous things and kept getting wilder, it became clear how out of control he was. His attitude toward life and those around him were sickening. With so many people watching him, one would assume he would change his mind about what he was doing. It started to sound like it wasn’t fun any more to him to take the pills, but he kept doing it, which is rather confusing. It really seemed like it was his own inner spiritual awakening, which it was inside himself that was what he needed to see what he was doing. I think it proved the only real way to beat addition is something inside you. The outside influence of his family helped in the long run in a minor way, but it took a lot to shake the idea of what he was doing was ok. So it was some switch inside of people that might be what changes people. The destruction he did to his family is scary, though, and something no one should go through. Johnny Cash’s addiction deeply impacted his family and nearly destroyed the relationships he had created with them. To do that to your family just shows you wouldn’t care about them at all, and think about yourself the most. References Carr, P. , Cash, J. (1998) Cash: The Autobiography. 1998. HarperCollins.

Evaluating practice through theories and models Essay - 3

Evaluating practice through theories and models - Essay Example This theory explains when nursing is needed and details how nursing can help in such a way that it appears to the patients as more supportive rather than invasive. As patients become inevitably unable to provide self-care, self-deficit takes place, and this is where the nursing support should come in. In Mr. Tan’s case, the ability to provide self-care is rather impracticable considering the physical limitations caused by his fifth leg amputation. At least, for self-care that requires lateral mobilization, it would be unfeasible for Mr. Tan to take care of himself. According to the Self-Deficit Theory, nursing comes in as an interactional reinforcement that functions to provide healthcare assistance to Mr. Tan. Looking at the situation, Mr. Tan is clearly unable to meet his own self-care requisites such as his universal self-care needs like promotion of normality and physical activities (Bernier 2002); without his wife’s or any other person’s help, he would be unable to serve himself with food, water, or medicine because of his leg amputation. This is where nursing is needed. Orem’s self-deficit theory is most applicable for Mr. Tan’s case because he is already incapable or limited in the provision of continuous effective self care; thus, he nee ds the following methods that Orem identifies as important to respond to this kind of situation: (1) acting for and doing for others: Mr. Tan needs a higher level of comfort and care; (2) Mr. Tan and his wife need guidance when it comes to controlling the disease and appropriate healthcare provisions, especially concerning his medications; (3) He needs support, not just physical but also emotional and psychological; and (4) he needs to be educated about his condition and he can control the degenerative effects of the Diabetes Mellitus to his body (Laferriere 1995 ). Mr. Tan displays a certain degree of hopelessness. His despondency over his condition has manifested in the way he deals with those that

No topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

No topic - Essay Example God is viewed holy and perfect and as a person who has established high standards for perfection for humanity. The reformers saw it insufficient due to the fact that it was referenced to God’s honor as opposed to his holiness and justice. The medieval notion was that punishment of sin had to involve bloodshed. The reformers believed that Christ died for man as he took his sins and bore them for him. Through bearing of man’s sins, Christ is believed to take the punishment from them and deliver the believers free from the demands of the law. This is a clear indication that the holiness of God and the righteousness of the law are satisfied by his substation. There are relevant scriptures including Isaiah 53: 12 â€Å"yet he bore sins of many, and mistakes intercession for the transgressors.† And Isaiah 53: 6 â€Å"the lord has laid equality of us all.† The Penal substitution theory assumes that God is infinite, minor human sins are an infinite debt to him. This can only be cancelled through infinite satisfaction through the death of Jesus Christ. The belief that God’s need to seek justice is so strong that he would only demand satisfaction through the death of an innocent person is an assumpt ion that modern readers would reject. With reference to John Scott’s classic work â€Å"The cross of Christ†, he tries to offer a deeper understanding of satisfaction with his fifth chapter â€Å"satisfaction for sin†. He argues that the cross was necessary due to the fact that God had to satisfy himself in the way of salvation. Scoot uses this chapter to analyze that the death of Jesus Christ on the cross was necessary for satisfaction. This is a statement that most people affirm to. However, the nature of satisfaction has been a subject of debate throughout the history of the church. He looks at different methods to which the theologians believe as the method God used to forgive the sins of mankind (Stott 120). Other speak of satisfying God’s law,

Leadership and management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership and management - Essay Example With a team made up of members that include a newly graduated nurse named Michael, seasoned staff and Certified Nurses’ Aides (CNAs), I have to work on encouraging healthy relationships among them. I have to make Michael feel welcome to the team and to lead the other members to do the same. I have to set standards and rules for the team members to follow and none of us should be exempted – not even me. This way, I can be respected and they will have no doubts about following my orders; they will know that the things I do are all for the best interest of the hospital and of our group. Needless to say, I have to act swiftly and decisively when there are problems to be solved. I have to address matters that give rise to conflicts among my members. Conflicts can have damaging effects on the organization as a whole. Not addressing the conflict would also make the team members believe that management tolerates it despite its harmful consequences. It is, thus, critical that conflicts are dealt with right and are resolved fast in ethical and professional ways. This would boost the confidence of the rest of the organization in the management or in the company. In the prevailing scenario, I can easily sense that there is conflict and it has to be settled fast. The signs of a conflict are not hard to identify – two senior CNAs have grown to dislike the Michael who used to work with them as a fellow CNA while going through his nursing course and who now as a nursing graduate stands to have better qualifications than them. While they used to have harmonious relationships, the senior CNAs have now started to make things difficult for Michael. Indeed, relationships among people in the workplace are almost always affected by changes and this case at hand is an illustration of this fact. The change in Michael’s circumstances has made him an advantaged competitor of the two CNAs when considering

Succinate Dehydrogenase Enzyme In Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Biology Essay

Succinate Dehydrogenase Enzyme In Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Biology Essay Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is an enzyme found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, which makes it an easy target to isolate when studying the citric acid cycle. This enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the oxidation of succinate into fumarate and can be used as a marker enzyme during the isolation of mitochondria through differential centrifugation. The isolated mitochondria can be treated with a sodium azide reagent to inhibit the mitochondrion transport of electron in the cell extract. To measure the activity of the enzyme, an artificial electron acceptor (2, 6-dichlorophenolindphenol, DCIP) is used to accept two electrons. Upon receiving electrons, the oxidized DCIP is reduced and the color of the mixture changes from blue to colorless. Spectrophotometry at the 600nm range can then be used to quantify this color change, and give an indication of the mitochondrial content of a given sample. As the The findings show that the experiment mimics Michaelis-Menten kinetic properties Enzymes are regulators of metabolic pathways that lower the activation energy in order to catalyze the acceleration of biochemical reactions [1]. Most enzymes are characterized as showing Michaelis-Menten (M-M) kinetic properties. Simply, enzymes work by binding its substrate reversibly changing its conformation to form an enzyme-substrate complex, and then detach to form free enzyme and product. If there is low substrate concentration, there will be very little enzyme activity and the rate of the reaction will slow down. If there is high substrate concentration, the enzyme will be more active and the reaction will be faster. At a certain point, if the substrate concentration is saturated, the rate of the reaction will not increase [1]. Along with the substrate concentration, these dynamics can be characterized as the M-M constant (Km) and maximum velocity (Vmax). These factors determine the initial velocity of the biochemical reaction and contribute to the understanding of the M-M e quation (in fig.1) However, when a competitive inhibitor is present, the inhibitor can bind to the active site to prevent the normal substrate from binding and forming the product. Thus, both the inhibitor and substrate compete for the active site of the enzyme, which based on the M-M equation, allows the Vmax to stays constant and the Km to change [2]. In the experiment, we will examine activity of SDH, an important component of the citric acid cycle that is responsible for catalyzing the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. The enzymatic activity will be determined by mitochondria fractionation from isolated cells of cauliflower by the technique of differential centrifugation. Also, we will determine the effects of enzyme concentration and competitive inhibition on the initial velocity of the reaction by adding the malonate, a classic competitive inhibitor. We will measure the reaction by blocking the electron transport with sodium azide and monitoring the reduction of the DCIP that can be followed by the change in spectrophotometry absorbance reading at 600 nm over time Since the oxidized form of the dye is blue and the reduced form is colorless, the reaction can be reestablished based on the experiment (in fig.2),. Thus, we hypothesize that the reaction will follow M-M kinetics as the abs orbance will decrease when the malonate is added Methods In isolating mitochondria, we removed with a scalpel 20 g of cauliflower from the outer 2-3 mm surface. Then, we grinded the tissue with a pestle in a chilled mortar in 40 ml of ice-cold mannitol grinding buffer for 4 min. We filtered the suspension and squeeze the solution out through four layers of cheesecloth into three chilled 15 ml centrifuge tube. Then, we centrifuged the filtrate solution at 1000 x gravity for 10 min and decanted the supernatant into a chilled 50 ml centrifuge tube. After, we re-spun the filtrate solution at 10,000 x gravity for 30 min at 0-4 °C and discarded the supernatant in the sink leaving the pellet. Then, we added 7.0 ml of icecold mannitol assay buffer to the mitochondrial pellet and scraped and mixed the mitochondrial pellet from the wall of the centrifuge tube with a spatula and vortex thoroughly to re-suspend the pellet in the assay buffer. Until needed, we transferred the mitochondrial suspension to a test tube and stored it in an ice bath. In measuring the activity of SDH, we label 10 test tubes or cuvettes as shown in table 1. We heated 0.6 ml of the ice cold mitochondria suspension in a boiling water for 5 min and placed it in an ice bath to cool. Then, we added correct volumes of azide, DCIP, malonate, and succinate to all labeled test tubes indicated in the table, covered them with Parafilm and inverted to blend the solutions. After, we add specific volume of the mitochondrial suspension to blanks 1-4 and tubes 1-4. Using a spectrophotometer set at 600nm, we blanked and took the absorbance of tubes 1-4 every two minutes until 20 minutes after the first reading. Then, we repeated again by taking the absorbance using only test tubes 5-7 for every two minutes. Results The spectrophotometer results we obtained are presented in Table 2, and shown graphically in Figure 3-7. In Table 2, the first 4 test tubes and blanks we were only able to take 3 readings and the test tubes 5-7, we were able to take 4 readings. The greatest absorbance reading was obtained for test tube 4 at 2.363 abs., which is because malonate, the competitor inhibitor, is present along with the substrate, succinate. In Tube 6, one of the lowest absorbance readings because it is a negative control and does not have any cellular suspension. This is shown experimentally when the reaction mixture will remain the color blue because with the succinate there is no reaction between the marker enzyme and the DCIP. In Table 3, we calculated the change in absorbance from tube 1-4 for every 2 minutes. We also calculated the initial velocity by dividing the change in absorbance by the elapsed time. In Figure 3, the graph shows the initial velocity depends on the enzyme concentration. When the e nzyme concentration is high, it start to rapidly decrease the initial velocity because the ratio of substrate to enzyme will be abnormally low, which will decrease the formation of product. In Figure 4, the graph represent the data in Table 2, where the initial velocity measured by elapsed time. The second highest reading was found for Tube 2 (0.987), which was also in concordance with the class results. This sample contained the heaviest constituents of the cell (mostly nuclei), as well as any unbroken whole cells that may have remained after the mechanical grinding and initial centrifugation at 600x. We found Tube 8 to have the third highest absorbance reading (0.626) and Tube 4 with the lowest (0.483). However, the sample from Tube 8 should have had a lower absorbance value than Tube 4, as was seen in the average class results displayed in Table 1. Tube 8 should contain the majority of the mitochondria (as well as some lysosomes), and Tube 4 should have any residual mitochondria and smaller organelles that did not remain in the pellet after the 12,000x centrifugation. Discussion There are a number of reasons why our findings did not match up with the expected results. Although improbable, it is possible that the 12,000x centrifugation for 30 minutes was not properly carried out, perhaps because the samples were not maintained at a consistent temperature of 0-40C. It is more likely that the re-suspension of the pellet (Tube C) with the mannitol assay buffer was not performed effectively. The pellet clumps may not have been properly dispersed, and so even though more mitochondria may have been present in Tube 8 (as they should have been), they were not free to interact with the other reagents in solution. A third reason may be that too much DCIP was added to Tube 8 (relative to Tube 4), and so there was an excess of the blue DCIP reagent in that sample (and hence a higher absorbance reading due to a lower degree of color loss). Differential centrifugation, when done correctly, is a reasonably effective method for mitochondrial isolation, although separation is achieved based only on size differences of the cell components. When dealing with small organelles, a more appropriate method to use may be sucrose gradient centrifugation, which allows for separation based on size as well as shape, especially when dealing with crude cellular extracts such as cauliflower. Cited Resources Nelson, D.L., Cox, M.M. (2007) Lehninger: Principles of Biochemistry, Fifth Edition, Freeman, New York, NY Gilbert, H.F. (2000) Basic Concepts in Biochemistry, Second Edition, McGraw Hill, New York, NY Figure 1 Figure 2 SDH-FADH2 + DCIP(blue) > SDH-FAD + DCIP (colorless) + 2H+ Table 1 Cuvette Assay Medium Azide DCIP Malonate Succinate Mitochondrial Suspension Blank 1 3.7 mL 0.5 mL - 0.5 mL 0.3 mL 1 3.2 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL - 0.5 mL 0.3 mL Blank 2 3.1 mL 0.5 mL - - 0.5 mL 0.9 mL 2 2.6 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL - 0.5 mL 0.9 mL Blank 3 3.4 mL 0.5 mL - 0.5 mL 0.6 mL 3 2.9 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.6 mL 4 2.7 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.2 mL 0.5 mL 0.6 mL 5 3.4 mL - 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.6 mL 6 3.4 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.6 mL 7 2.9 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.5 mL 0.6 mL Table 2 Trial 1 Trail 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Blank 1 0.04 0.003 0.006 0.008 1 1.10 1.16 1.158 1.112 Blank 2 0.03 0.001 0.004 0.003 2 0.64 0.644 0.648 0.645 Blank 3 0.06 0.002 0.008 0.005 3 0.56 0.06 0.670 0.682 4 2.36 1.85 2.221 2.223 5 0.83 0.73 0.723 0.720 6 0.76 0.73 0.734 0.725 7 0.78 0.72 0.704 0.705 Table 3 Time (min:sec) Tubes 1-4 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Abs (nm) Initial Velocity (à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Abs/min) Time (min:sec) Tubes 5-7 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Abs (nm) Initial Velocity (à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Abs/min) 11:10 -.5505 -.0500 9:10 .1057 .0117 13:10 -.0008 -.00062 11:10 .032 .0029 15:10 .4989 .03326 13:10 .0617 .0047 17:10 .5062 .0298 15:10 .1161 .00774 19:10 -.0533 -.0028 17:10 .0338 .00199 21:20 -.0043 -.0002 19:10 .0784 .0041 23:10 -.1095 -.0048 21:10 .1195 .0057 25:10 .142 .00568 23:10 .0428 .0019 - 25:10 .0781 .0031 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7

Free Speech -- Freedom of Speech Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to find truth to anything, one must make multiple suggestions, ask many questions, and sometimes ponder the unspeakable. Without doing so, there would be no process of elimination; therefore, truth would be virtually unattainable. Now, in our attempts to either find truth, express our beliefs and opinions, or generally use the rights we are given constitutionally, we are often being criticized and even reprimanded. Our freedom to voice our opinion(s) is being challenged, as critics of free speech are taking offense to what seems like anything and everything merely controversial and arguably prejudice. As people continue to strive for a nation free of prejudice and discrimination, where everyone is equal, safe and happy, they overlook the outcome of creating such an environment. Without different beliefs, theories, opinions and controversy, we will never advance as a people. All we would be left to do is think and speak the same, and be lieve the same beliefs. Our minds will no longer be able to run wild with brilliant, and sometimes controversial, thoughts; though, even if they did, we wouldn't be able to vocalize any of it. Although it is comforting to think that there will come a time when nobody will say or do anything offensive and prejudice is diminished, the reality is that a nation without the freedom to voice anything controversial, opinionated , and even prejudice, is hardly desirable as we will be deprived of intellectual freedom and truth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is easy to wonder whether there really is such a thing as free speech; better yet, complete free speech. (â€Å"Free† meaning unrestricted and without consequences) Sure, the majority of us say whatever we want, when we want, to whom we want, but there are some cases where our speech is hardly free. There has been many instances where complications and debates have risen over borderline comments, words, etc. People are being told that they have the ability to say whatever they want and believe in; however, many people are facing lawsuits and even consequences for doing so. With that said, one could wonder whether there is inadequacy in our constitution that is allowing people to be reprimanded for practicing their rights. However, it is not always citizens who are being challenged by the government for abuse of free speech. In his essay, â€Å"In Defense Of Prejudice†, Jonathan Ra... ...solution is to ask which is more important: prohibiting language that could provoke or offend people (and thus prohibit any sort of opposition) or allow people to think out of the norm and different than what is considered morally acceptable? Conforming to censorship can only lead to silencing our voices and ultimately narrow our thoughts and minds. To risk hearing powerful voices in society because of who they may offend isn't worth it. It seems that people are being offended by comments that they allow to penetrate their self esteem and self respect. Being secure enough in your personal beliefs and yourself is the best way to handle what may be considered offensive speech. Allow people to feel, think and speak differently; for there is surely a time when we have said or will say something inciting to someone, regardless of whether it was purposeful or mistaken. We cannot allow such instances to constrain our right to voice our opinions. Censoring speech may prohibit citizens fr om speaking of unacceptable and provocative issues; however, those feelings and beliefs will still linger. Although they won't be expressed verbally, they will inevitably be expressed one way or another.

Ethical Pursuations Essay

Each of the three different theoretical approaches proposed for public relation ethics has admirers and detractors as well. All the three theories require practical ways of incorporating them into public relation campaign, using the suggested pyramids (Barney & Black 1994:233-244). Virtue ethics involves fostering a strong internal moral compass to guide anyone in choosing the right action. It requires one to first develop ethical judgment by stimulating the moral imagination in order to recognize ethical issues. This can only be achieved in a campaign through ethics brainstorming sessions or ethical reflection time, and this is where individuals considered ethical implications and report back to the team or through discussion with an independent ethics consultant, who could then highlight potential ethical issues in the upcoming campaign and stimulate debate on appropriate approaches. This approach allows other virtue tests that accord with their values and enables them to set relevant virtue objectives to be revisited and tested at the end of the campaign. Virtue ethics becomes a formative step in public relations process, rather than a reactive process once a problem arise. However, it is flexible, by the fact that in the middle segment pyramid, each of the facts used can be assessed in the campaign using a virtue approach tactics. Virtue ethics clearly has benefits for practitioners who are seeking ethical guidance but many times it is be inadequate alone. For example tests using external virtue referents like a ‘significant other’, are ‘at odds with the idea of developing virtues by purchasing the internal goals of a practice’ (Baker & Martinson 2001: 148-275) Deontology involves following a prescribed set of duties or obligations for example, religious rules such as ‘Thou shall not lie’, and one of its common deontological positions in public relations is advocacy, and this is the belief that provides practitioners specific behaviors that are ethical against an agreed standard like a professional ethics code at the same time, they can easily promote clients self-interests above all other interests when compared to virtue ethics and consequatialisim; in addition deontological approaches are also useful in the campaigns communication phase and this enables them to assess ethics of messages and communication outputs when compared to virtue ethics, as well as consequantialism. Their approaches are useful because they clarify the limits of reasonable behavior by providing absolute prohibitions, and directives for specific acts, however at times, although occasional their inflexibility can be problematic (Baker 1997: pp. 197-210). Lastly but not least, consequantialism uses the approach of judging actions by their customers. One of the well-known techniques of consequentialism is ulitarianism; where an assessment is made of who has been affected, and determines in what ways, and consequently the right action that is supposed to be taken which creates maximum total benefit. Their main method of determining the outcome involves drawing a flow chart or a mind map which is cumbersome. Their only closest related test is the benefit or harm assessment, in which calculation is made about whether the benefits to stakeholders outweigh the harm (Baker 2002: 191-205). The approach is clearly a very crucial component of public relations, but on its own at many times it obscures the means used to obtain a desired outcome, for instance, a pure consequantialist can endorse a lie if it ultimately resulted in more happiness or a more wide-spread benefit than truth-telling (Barney & Black 1994:244-248). Conclusion The two approaches; virtues ethics and consequentialism to public relations have benefits but they have serious limitations. One can only manage these limitations by using deontological approaches, because it has a high persuasive power with respect to public relation practitioners.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome essays

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome essays I. A. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) was originally described in 1905 by Stein and Leventhal as a syndrome consisting of amenorrhea, hirsutism, and obesity in association with enlarged polycystic ovaries. It is now realized that this relatively common syndrome is an extremely heterogenous clinical syndrome that begins soon after menarche and some authors prefer to refer to it as a syndrome of hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation. In fact, earlier studies of PCOS have focused on ovarian morphological findings and were considered to be important diagnostic criteria. However, it was found that polycystic changes of the ovaries were observed in some normally cycling women. Furthermore, polycystic changes of the ovaries were shown to be associated with other well-defined diseases such as Cushing's syndrome, and an ovarian or adrenal tumor capable of producing androgen. B. The root of PCOS is an inability to respond properly to insulin, the hormone produced in the pancreas that allows your body's cells to absorb energy from the food you eat. This means your cells don't respond to the normal amount of insulin, so the pancreas pumps out even more. That's what insulin resistance is and it happens when the body turns carbohydrates, both simple and complex, into glucose that surges into the bloodstream. Insulin travels to the muscle cells, telling them to take glucose from the bloodstream and store it in the liver. As insulin levels in the blood increase, glucose levels in the blood decrease. When blood glucose falls below a certain level, the brain, which needs glucose to function, calls out for more by telling you to eat again. If it doesn't get glucose, the result is drowsiness or lack of mental alertness. This glucose shortage is also known as low blood sugar or hypoglycemia. When hypoglycemia strikes, the liver is unable to replenish blood glucose from its stored supply because eating a carbohydrate-rich meal or drinking a sugary bevera...

Free Essays on Suppression Of American Trade In The Early 1800

Suppression of American Trade in the Early 1800’s With the war between France and England resuming in 1803, the U.S. took over the prosperous task of carrying goods such as sugar and coffee from the Caribbean colonies to Europe. By doing this the U.S. provided Napoleon with the goods he needed as well causing the price of sugar and coffee from the British colonies to go down. Britain blamed their economic problems on the Americans’ prosperity. The result was a suppression of American trade. In the eyes of the British, America was guilty of reexport trade which was, as stated by the British Rule of 1756, â€Å"any trade closed in peacetime could not be reopened during war.† (pg 221, The Enduring Vision) In order to get by this law American ships would carry goods back to American ports, send them through customs, and then carry it to other countries as American goods. This was allowed until 1805 when the British courts declared this illegal. In 1806, the British established the first of a set of trade regulations known as the Orders in Council. This established a blockade of French controlled ports, to which Napoleon countered with his Continental System which seized ships obeying British regulations. This caused all kinds of problems for U.S. vessels due to the fact that if they complied with British regulations the French would seize their ships, but if they sided with the French they became a target for the British. The fact of British ships seizing American vessels was much more humiliating than French seizures. The French navy had been weakened considerably at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Most of the French seizures were a result of Napoleon luring American ships into European ports. The British however swarmed the American coastline stopping virtually every ship for inspection. The British also added impressments to their list of things to do to American vessels. Due to adverse conditions and low pay ma... Free Essays on Suppression Of American Trade In The Early 1800 Free Essays on Suppression Of American Trade In The Early 1800\'s Suppression of American Trade in the Early 1800’s With the war between France and England resuming in 1803, the U.S. took over the prosperous task of carrying goods such as sugar and coffee from the Caribbean colonies to Europe. By doing this the U.S. provided Napoleon with the goods he needed as well causing the price of sugar and coffee from the British colonies to go down. Britain blamed their economic problems on the Americans’ prosperity. The result was a suppression of American trade. In the eyes of the British, America was guilty of reexport trade which was, as stated by the British Rule of 1756, â€Å"any trade closed in peacetime could not be reopened during war.† (pg 221, The Enduring Vision) In order to get by this law American ships would carry goods back to American ports, send them through customs, and then carry it to other countries as American goods. This was allowed until 1805 when the British courts declared this illegal. In 1806, the British established the first of a set of trade regulations known as the Orders in Council. This established a blockade of French controlled ports, to which Napoleon countered with his Continental System which seized ships obeying British regulations. This caused all kinds of problems for U.S. vessels due to the fact that if they complied with British regulations the French would seize their ships, but if they sided with the French they became a target for the British. The fact of British ships seizing American vessels was much more humiliating than French seizures. The French navy had been weakened considerably at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Most of the French seizures were a result of Napoleon luring American ships into European ports. The British however swarmed the American coastline stopping virtually every ship for inspection. The British also added impressments to their list of things to do to American vessels. Due to adverse conditions and low pay ma...

Managing Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Managing Intelligence - Essay Example United State have put in place a new intelligence cooperation structure for safeguarding the security of the American homeland, creating the limits on the intelligence to be shared. This issue paper discusses the advantages, disadvantages as well as the recommendations involved in sharing intelligence information with the Somali anti-piracy and anti-terrorism coalition. The paper compares the current coordinating establishments accountable for national security, economics, intelligence, and drug control. It then grants the streamlining recommendations for the Secretaries of State and Defense, which recognizes the necessity to assimilate foreign and domestic counterterrorism activities, although there is disagreement whether to depend on the existing National Security Council organization or construct a new organizing process, and on the need for uniting some of the effective homeland security interventions and offices. The Secretaries of State and Defence Department facilitates the sharing of an extensive range of piracy and terrorism intelligence. Moreover, there is sharing of related intelligence among several users in the National counterterrorism public via its production of inclusive, nationally coordinated, investigative products and the safe website. These provide the coalition against piracy and terrorism with relevant information to capture the criminals (Tuzuner, 2010). Global authorized agencies like the coalition against piracy and terrorism that comprises Kenya, and other nations can request the intelligence information from the Secretaries of State and Defence Department to assist in the coalition’s undertakings. This should be consistent with applicable rules and guidelines controlling access to intelligent information as stipulated in the Department for State and Defence requirements. The counter-piracy mission necessitates sharing several types of piracy-related information with the Secretaries of State and Defence Department, for example,

Cultural Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cultural Studies - Essay Example The basic understanding has been brought forward by the rationale as provided by Geert Hofstede as well as a number of other thinkers, researchers of current times as well as of the past. The fact that cultural studies and its attainment is significant lies in the rationale that comes from the discussion of value, authority, power and its linked associations. This is because cultural studies are inter-twined with such elements which require understanding of pertinent issues within the related domains of culture and not only that but also the whole paradigm under which a society operates in entirety. Issues of structuralism, where an attempt at studying the human sciences is of utmost significance, are raised ever more so often. What this does is to establish a need for connecting the very basis of mythological and other fields with the complex systems comprised within the inter-related parts of the structural domains. (Hawkes, 2003) The inter-disciplinary tangents within the cultural studies make it all the more interesting, more so due to the fact that there is a cultural harmony amongst the different regimes which bring about the association of the varied disciplines in the first place. The inter-disciplinary issues could focus a little towards the anthropological, literary theory and/or psychoanalysis aspects so that the relation within the cultural studies is one of a significant one all this while. Similarly, post-structuralism is also an important ingredient of this debate as it brings to light the quintessential domains of intellectual developments related with different philosophers and critical theorists who have written meticulous tendencies with respect to different eras. Cultural understandings become even more essential when one comprehends the fact that the same phenomenon is in close alliance with postmodernism and its sub-forms. (Waterbury, 1993) Thus theory and practice play alongside each other towards the betterment of the